Semiconductor devices are electronic components made from semiconductor materials, such as silicon or germanium, that have specific electrical properties that make them ideal for use in electronic circuits. These devices are essential components in modern electronics, such as computers, smartphones, and televisions. Semiconductor devices can be classified into two main categories: discrete devices, such as diodes and transistors, and integrated circuits, which are complex devices containing hundreds or thousands of individual components on a single chip. Research in semiconductor devices focuses on developing new materials, structures, and manufacturing processes to improve device performance, reduce power consumption, and increase integration density. This research area is crucial for advancing technology and driving innovation in the electronics industry.